SIMULATION-BASED ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE-TO-GRID (V2G) INTEGRATION FOR GRID STABILITY AND ENERGY OPTIMIZATION IN IEEE 3-BUS SYSTEMS

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of G2V and V2G technologies on grid stability and transient response, and power regulation, as applied to the IEEE 3-bus system. In this simulation research, G2V was found to have transient power fluctuation and when the grid disaggregated energy, G2V had stabilised and absorbed energy at a steady state for controlling stabilisation. In contrast, in V2G mode, whereby EVs can be discharged into the system and act as distributed energy resources (DERs), energy is employed for load-frequency control and voltage control. Evidence of effective power management is shown by the stability of battery system parameters state of charge (SOC), current and voltage, and the DC link voltage in both modes, G2V and V2G. The results indicate that optimal control strategies must be employed to reduce disturbance transients and enable seamless EV-grid integration. Future investigations will target, to the greatest possible extent, adaptive real-time control, the conversion of energy from renewables, the scalability of a large network, and the experimental validation of hardware with prototypes, to develop the smart energy network system which will improve decarbonisation, grid resilience and the intelligent evolution of the smart grid.