MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF A FUZZY LOGIC-BASED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN INDOOR VERTICAL HYDROPONICS

Abstract

This paper discusses the mathematical modeling and deployment of a fuzzy logic-based control system for sustainable energy and environmental management in an Indoor Vertical Agricultural Production System (IVAPS). The IVAPS consists of four main subsystems: (a) a hydroponic growth tower with vertically stacked mint plants; (b) a solar-powered energy management unit with IoT-based real-time monitoring of battery voltage and inverter output; (c) an environmental control and monitoring module using Particle Photon microcontrollers and sensors to regulate temperature, humidity, and air quality through fuzzy logic; and (d) an IoT-enabled water quality management system that monitors pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, salinity, and temperature for nutrient recirculation. Energy optimization is accomplished by mathematical formulation of membership functions, rule-based fuzzy inference, and centroid defuzzification to dynamically regulate DC fan speed and environmental actuators. The results showed that the fuzzy logic controller provided an hourly energy saving of 19.5% to 30.8% compared to a conventional ON/OFF controller. Data presented in the interactive mobile application also confirmed that system maintained suitable environmental conditions for mint cultivation in the IVAPS while optimizing energy usage.